Herman Wouk won the 1951 Pulitzer Prize for The Caine Mutiny. The movie faithfully follows the book’s narrative.
The Caine Mutiny, after being on the best-seller list for 17 weeks, reached the top of the New York Times list. It remained there for 33 weeks, and then another 15 weeks later in the year. In all, it was on the list for 122 weeks.
Title frame for the film.
Main Title for trailer (preview) of film
Stanley Kramer, Producer
Kramer to Francis: “Allow recognition to subside and accomplishment to prevail — you can’t miss.”
Casting Bob, Making The Caine Mutiny
“That’s how Bob got the job. We needed somebody who would cost no money and do the job.
“It is a strange thing, you know, when you look at a fellow who had talent…He is that kind of a fellow. He was friendly with everyone and well liked. He had a natural personality, too. He was well liked, but you know you could not put your finger on it (Bob’s character, his inner self) exactly. He was pretty much what you saw. That is an advantage in many ways.
“I cast Bob for the part. It is a product of some arrogance on my part, I guess. I was reasonably tender [as a producer] and I felt that I couldn’t make any mistakes. I hoped. I had in the cast, after all, MacMurray, Johnson, Bogart, and Ferrer. They were stars of long standing. Bob was somebody who was around who read for me. I took him and signed him for the part. Mostly because I thought he was competent. It wasn’t the sort of part (in which) he was going to explode on the scene.
“I thought he did the job that we wanted and he looked as we wanted him to look. I talked to him many, many times. He would come to me and talk to me about problems of one kind or another, and I took some interest in him. But it never was (about) the launching of a new star. I think he learned a lot. (Director Edward) Dymtyrk was very good with him, and so it worked out.
“Bob was somewhat of a loner. You never knew who he was going out with or what he was doing or with whom. And nobody was particularly interested. He wasn’t the new sex symbol or anything.
“So what you get is a kind of a shade of gray through it all. He was certainly likable, honest, forthright, and wanting to help solve the problems of the day. I had hoped he would go on to some note. It (his death) was very shocking.
“I remember him fondly, warmly, and nicely. And I am afraid almost all people remember him that way. That’s what interferes with the film character.
“I would do Caine) pretty much the same way, although I did not direct it. But, I was in control of it — produced it and did develop the screenplay... Anything in retrospect can be improved and can be bettered and there are quite a few things…but as far as Bob was concerned, within the limitations of the role he was playing, he was completely believable.
“I remember the scene at the Captain’s Table when Bogart said there are a certain number of ways you can do things: the right way, the wrong way, and my way. My way is the important thing.
“I remember Bob responding. He was a natural to be in that part for that scene alone.
“He was a young man among experienced troupers. He sat at a table and played a scene with Fred MacMurray, Van Johnson, Humphrey Bogart. The thing was, he was playing with old hands and he looked young and inexperienced, and that was the way he was supposed to look. That helped with the part.
“There was one other thing about Bob that was never mentioned, but it was a plus because it was never considered (in casting). He was a young man who had no particular fetishes. In other words, he wasn’t carried away with his looks or the external little parts (of himself). He sought some sincerity and found it. That was good and I appreciate that in him.
“The best tribute I can pay to Bob is — when I think back to the film and those days — I think of him as a young actor under very pressing circumstances. He was cooperative and hard working. I don’t know what he might have eventually become. Who knows?
“Bob was not equipped for that (being a movie star). He didn’t have any of the foibles which you use as defense mechanism against the tradition of stardom. Had he become a star, he would have been a nice young man who became a star and remained that way.
“He was cursed and lived by the code and will always be recognized as a nice boy. Sometimes that can be fatal. But he dealt with it.”
Source: Stanley Kramer, interview, Aug. 12, 1992
Kramer can justly be cited as the man who gave the world Robert Francis, a movie star created not from scratch but from a young man deeply influenced by a strong family and supportive experiences during California’s truly golden age, 1900-1950. Bob’s was both a long and short journey from Pasadena to Gower Gulch, the home of Columbia in Hollywood.
Stanley Earl Kramer (Sept. 29, 1913 – Feb. 19, 2001) was an American film director and producer responsible for making many of Hollywood's most famous “message films.” As an independent producer and director, he brought attention to topical social issues that most studios avoided. Among the subjects covered in his films were racism (in The Defiant Ones and Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner?) nuclear war (in On the Beach), greed (in It’s a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World), creationism vs. evolution (in Inherit the Wind), and the causes and effects of fascism in Judgment at Nuremberg) His other notable films included High Noon (1952, as producer), The Caine Mutiny (1954, as producer), and Ship of Fools (1965).
Director Edward Dymtyrk’s script was auctioned, c. 2005.
Edward Dmytryk (Sept. 4, 1908–July 1, 1999) was a Canadian-born American film director. He was known for his 1940s noir films and received an Oscar nomination for Best Director for Crossfire (1947). In 1947, he was named as one of the Hollywood Ten, a group of blacklisted film industry professionals who refused to testify to the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in its investigations during the McCarhty-era “Red scare.’” They all served time in prison for contempt of Congress. In 1951, however, Dmytryk did testify to HUAC and rehabilitated his career. First hired again by independent producer Stanley Kramer in 1952, Dmytryk is likely best known for directing The Caine Mutiny (1954), a critical and commercial success. The second-highest grossing film of the year, it was nominated for Best Picture and several other awards at the 1955 Oscars. Dmytryk was nominated for a Directors Guild Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures.
Kramer’s efforts to bring The Caine Mutiny to the screen are well documented at http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/25162/The-Caine-Mutiny/notes.html In addition to requiring the approval and cooperation of the U.S. Navy for the novel to become a film, the screenplay needed pre-production approval by the Production Code Administration. This letter from Joseph Green who headed the Production Code Administration is about needed changes and considerations. The letter was sent about two weeks before filming began in June 1953. Source: The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, Margaret Herrick Library.
Edwin Schallert was a longtime drama critic for the Los Angeles Times. Probably March or April 1953.
Based on haircut, c. April or May 1953, prior to filming of The Caine Mutiny. Notable because Bob rarely appeared this serious in photographs. The caption suggests the photo was used later as it references all of his movies.
And the less serious version.
Photo, c. Spring/Summer 1953. Bob sent this photo to fans after The Caine Mutiny was released.
Photos below were made on location in San Francisco, Yosemite, and Hawaii, as well as at Columbia Pictures in Hollywood.
San Francisco, Summer 1953.
Exterior shooting took place in San Francisco, Yosemite, and Hawaii. In San Francisco, filming was done at Pier 18, south of Embarcadero/Howard St. near the Ferry Building Tower. That pier was torn down along with the Embarcadero Freeway after the 1989 earthquake.
Based on clothing (as in Cliff House photo above), Bob and May possibly met Jeff Chandler in San Francisco when they were there on location, Summer 1953.
Summer 1953. Edward Dymtyrk, Bob, May Wynn. This love scene does not appear in the released film. But similar photos were used in promotion of The Caine Mutiny. Columbia Pictures.
This love scene does not appear in the released film.
Bob received a traditional welcome to Hawaii. Columbia Pictures, Summer 1953.
Bob and Miss Australia, Maxine Morgan, Waikiki, Ha., Summer 1953. Possibly, Morgan was returning home from the Miss Universe contest held in Long Beach, Calif. In the 1953 Miss Universe competition held July 17, 1953, Maxine Morgan of Australia was 4th runner up; Ana Bertha Lepe Jiménez of Mexico, 3rd runner up; Kinuko Ito of Japan, 2nd runner up; Myrna Rae Hansen of the USA, 1st runner up, Christiane Martel of France was Miss Universe 1953.
Bob often wore these swim trunks in photographs 1953-1955.
Bob and Miss Australia, Maxine Morgan, Hawaii, Summer 1953.
Unidentified woman with Bob, Hawaii, Summer 1953.
Bob purchased several “Hawaiian shirts” while filming in Hawaii. A couple show up in photos made later in 1953 and 1954. He’s wearing this one in the “traditional” welcome photo above.
Bob, Stephen Bogart, Humphrey Bogart, Lauren Bacall (Bogart), Van Johnson, Fred MacMurray, and an unidentified military officer. Publicity Photo, Columbia Pictures, Bell (photographer). On location in Hawaii, Summer 1953.
Jose Ferrer, the other major star in The Caine Mutiny, was not on location in Hawaii. His performance was filmed entirely during interior shooting at Columbia in Hollywood after the exterior location work was completed.
The U.S. Navy provided several ships for use in The Caine Mutiny. The USS Thompson was one of them.
Bob and Fred MacMurray receive direction from Edward Dmytryk. At far right is Commander James Shaw, Technical Adviser. Columbia Pictures, Pearl Harbor, Summer 1953. This and the following photo (an outtake) were made during scene when Ensign Keith first boards The Caine.
An outtake. Arthur Franz, Bob, Fred MacMurray. On location, Hawaii, Summer 1953.
Van Johnson was the “Bob Francis” of the early 1940s at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, a masterful champion of the star and studio systems. Summer 1953 on location in Hawaii.
Candid photo of Van Johnson and Bob; not a scene in the film.
HIGH SHOOTING - Director Edward Dymtryk and his Technicolor camera crew swing high over the decks at Pearl Harbor, Ha., to film an exciting scene of The Kramer Company’s “The Caine Mutiny” for Columbia. Humphrey Bogart, Jose Ferrer, Van Johnson, Fred MacMurray and Columbia’s newest contractees Robert Francis and May Wynn have the starring roles in the movie version of Herman Wouk’s Pulitzer Prize-winning novel. This scene is Ensign Willie Keith (Robert Francis) and Harding (Jerry Paris) climbing the mast of the over-age destroyer U.S.S. Caine. (Caption by Columbia Pictures)
Photo by Van Pelt for Columbia Pictures.
Van Pelt, Columbia photographer, is credited with many of the stills and candid photos made on location in Hawaii. The other on-set photographers were Bell and Lippman.
The U.S. Navy produced a “yearbook” for the sailors and officers of the USS Kearsarge which was used as the carrier commanded by Admiral Halsey in the film. Steve ,Tom, and Willie go to the ship to seek Halsey’s advice about Queeg.
From navysite.com
USS Kearsarge, c. 1946.
USS Kearsarge, c. 1956.
Continuity stills of sets at Columbia Pictures in Hollywood included the Samoa Club where May Wynn sings, the bridge of the USS Caine, and a hotel room used for Lt. Barney Greenwald’s confrontation of Lt. Tom Keefer and the other officers involved in the mutiny.
A rehearsal for a scene in the “missing strawberries” inquiry demanded by Captain Queeg. Bob is at far right.
The scene as shown in the finished film.
Photos in the next section are actual scenes from the released film.
Below: First page of script for The Caine Mutiny and first scene featuring Bob as Willie Keith.
The beginning of the “crow’s nest” scene. Fred MacMurray, Bob, Jerry Paris.
Handwritten dates on photos are confusing, e.g., “9/9/53” was several weeks after filming of The Caine Mutiny was completed. Scenes in Yosemite may have been filmed in June 1953.
Bob and May Wynn, Columbia Pictures, The Caine Mutiny, on location in Yosemite, Summer 1953.
This scene is in the released film.
The images in the following section are from the post-production period and include publicity photos, promotional materials, and media coverage before and after The Caine Mutiny opened in New York City, Thursday, June 24, 1954.
Publicity photo, Columbia Pictures, Summer 1953. Bob is second from left. Don Dubbins who would replace Bob in Tribute to a Bad Man is second from left at top of photo. (Dubbins and Bob exchange dialogue at one point during the typhoon sequence.) The Caine Mutiny was one of two major Columbia films in 1954; the other was On the Waterfront. The studio invested heavily in promotional materials, advertisements in major publications, both American and foreign, and sought every publicity angle. Bob was an important part of these marketing efforts.
Below: Collier’s, Nov. 13, 1953. The first major national exposure for the film. The Caine Mutiny had a sneak preview in Dec. 1953, as reported by columnist Dorothy Manners, Los Angeles Examiner, Nov. 28, 1953. However, it was held for later release in 1954.
Although used extensively in promotional materials, this love screen is not in the released film.
Promotional materials for foreign markets explains how Bob had an “international” fan following from the beginning of his career.
Pages from Columbia’s press book for The Caine Mutiny, 1954.
Producer Kramer and Director Dymtryk cast Lee Marvin as one of the USS Caine’s supporting sailors, not only for his talent but for his knowledge of ships at sea. Throughout the production, the former Marine served as an unofficial technical adviser. Sometimes a shot would be set up, only to be criticized by Marvin as being inauthentic. In addition to Caine, Dmytryk directed Marvin in Eight Iron Men (1952) and Raintree County (1957).
Hollywood Reporter, June 9, 1954
“Robert Francis, a newcomer, is perfect as Willie.”
Variety, June 9, 1954
“Making a splendid impression in his major screen bow is Robert Francis, playing the young Ensign Willie Keith to perfection.”
The Screen: 'Caine Mutiny' Arrives; Vibrant Depiction of Novel Is at Capitol
By Bosley Crowther
June 25, 1954
The job of compacting and containing Herman Wouk's "The Caine Mutiny" into two hours of color motion picture, with all the character and drama preserved, was one that compared in major aspects with the similar job on "From Here to Eternity." And we're glad to report that Columbia Pictures and Producer Stanley Kramer have achieved this extraordinarily difficult endeavor with clarity and vigor, on the whole.
This tale of the tensions and turmoils among the officers and crew of a Navy destroyer—minesweeper in the Pacific in World War II is a compound of several personal dramas and conflicts of male temperaments, all drawn to a fine, explosive crisis during a violent typhoon at sea. At the core of its swirling rotation are the bravery and cowardice of men. These are the elements that stand out sharply and gauntly in this film, which was greeted by swarming patrons at the Capitol yesterday.
Unfortunately, Screenwriter Stanley Roberts, in preparing the complicated script, endeavored to cram into the picture more of the novel than was required. He gave a great deal of attention to the completely extraneous love affair between Keith, a secondary junior officer, and the night club singer, May Wynn. This was both useless and artless. Whenever the love affair obtrudes, the genuine drama is side-tracked and the criss-crossing tensions are snapped.
Also, the structure of the story presented in Mr. Wouk's book was not entirely felicitous for the playing of a drama on the screen. Yet Mr. Roberts has endeavored to follow it faithfully. As a consequence, the naval court-martial that follows the howling typhoon, wherein the executive officer relieves the incompetent captain of command, becomes an anticlimax as it covers essentially the same ground and repeats the collapse of the captain that are visibly shown in the storm.
On the stage, this Caine mutiny court-martial is brilliant because it unfolds in the calm atmosphere of a courtroom the events that have gone before—events that are graphically enacted prior to the trial on the screen. The sole achievement of the trial in the picture is that of demonstrating the perfidy of one man—Lieut. Tom Keefer. The audience already knows the captain's guilt.
This is a weakness of the picture that takes a lot of time, since more than twenty minutes are virtually wasted in building up to the thin theatrics at the end.
However, the body of the picture—the good, solid, masculine core—that has to do with the chafing of naval officers under a neurotic captain's command is salty, exciting and revealing. And it is smartly and stingingly played by a cast of able performers, with Edward Dmytryk calling the turns.
Van Johnson as the blunt executive officer who commits the so-called act of mutiny does an excellent job of revealing the distress and resolution of this man, and Fred MacMurray is likewise fascinating as the modern "sea lawyer" who eggs him on. Humphrey Bogart's twitchy performance of the "by-the-book" Captain Queeg is a bit in the usual Bogart manner but, by and large, it is sound. Robert Francis as the romancing ensign, Tom Tully as the sloppy captain who precedes Queeg and José Ferrer as the lawyer for the defendant in the court-martial are good. As it happens, the role of the lawyer has little body in the film.
Thanks to the help of the Navy, the shipboard business is on the beam, the blue-water shots of maneuvers are sparking and the atmosphere is keen.
"The Caine Mutiny," though somewhat garbled, is a vibrant film.
THE CAINE MUTINY, screen play by Stanley Roberts, from the novel by Herman Wouk; directed by Edward Dmytryk; produced, by Stanley Kramer for Columbia Pictures. At the Capitol.
Captain Queeg, Humphrey Bogart
Lieut. Barney Greenwald ,Jose Ferrer
Lieut. Steve Maryk, Van Johnson
Lieut. Tom Keefer, Fred MacMurray
Ensign Willie Keith, Robert Francis
May Wynn, May Wynn
Captain DeVriess, Tom Tully
Lieutenant Commander Challee, E. G. Marshall
Lieut. Paynter, Arthur Franz
Meatball, Lee Marvin
Captain Blakely, Warner Andersen
Horrible, Clande Akins
Mrs. Keith, Katharina Warren
Ensign Harding, Jerry Paris
A version of this article appears in print on June 25, 1954 of the National edition with the headline: The Screen: 'Caine Mutiny' Arrives; Vibrant Depiction of Novel Is at Capitol.
Screenland, July 1954
Photoplay magazine, August 1954.
Bob toured extensively to promote The Caine Mutiny in 1954 with many personal appearances and meetings with industry VIPs. He was in Phoenix in early Aug. and was able to visit with his brother Bill and his family who were living there at that time. Later in the year he toured to promote They Rode West.
“One night my husband Sandy was out of town and the boys were asleep, but being watched by Mother and Dad. Bob said The Caine Mutiny was playing at the Colorado Theater. ‘Let’s go see it,’ he said. ‘I have never seen it.’”
The theater was big and we sat in the second balcony. We were standing in line and a lady with her husband in front of us went and looked at the marquee, and then looked at all the photos, then looked at Bob and went back and forth a few times doing this. I said to Bobby, ‘She’s is trying see if you’re the same man in the picture.’ The woman never said anything to Bobby, but she really looked him over.
“Another time we took Larry and Steven to see The Caine Mutiny. Larry looked up and asked, ‘Why is Bob up there? Why doesn’t he come down here and sit with us?’ This made the people in front of us turn around. Larry could not understand the image was only a movie, not real, and Bobby was not on the stage and on the screen.”
Source: Lillian Francis Robins, interview, May 11, 1991.
DVD: The Caine Mutiny
Actors: Humphrey Bogart, Jose Ferrer, Van Johnson, Fred MacMurray, Robert Francis
Directors: Edward Dmytryk
Producers: Stanley Kramer
Format: Anamorphic, Closed-captioned, Color, Full Screen, NTSC, Subtitled, Widescreen
Language: English (Dolby Digital 1.0), French (Dolby Digital 1.0), Spanish (Dolby Digital 1.0)
Subtitles: English, Spanish, French
Dubbed: French
Subtitles for the Hearing Impaired: English
Region: Region 1 (U.S. and Canada only. Read more about DVD formats.)
Aspect Ratio: 1.85:1
Number of discs: 1
Rated: NR Not Rated
Studio: Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (Columbia Pictures)
DVD Release Date: February 10, 2004
Run Time: 125 minutes